The #NationalMuseumPH celebrates the 125th birth anniversary of watercolorist, illustrator, and cartoonist Ireneo L. Miranda born #OnThisDay in 1896.

Ireneo L. Miranda (1896-1964) belonged to the classical realist school that promoted the classical canons of beauty, harmony, and proportion from the 1920s to the 1940s. While his contemporaries worked primarily with oil, Miranda mastered the watercolor medium. He was also an illustrator and cartoonist. He designed labels and advertisements and taught cartooning and commercial design. Miranda became known as the “Dean of Philippine Cartoonists.”

His works in the National Fine Arts Collection consist of watercolor and oil on canvas portraits of personalities. One of them is an oil painting “Portrait of Maria Lourdes L. Estella (1929-2018)” created in 1952. The sitter, Maria Lourdes Estella was around 23 years old, studying painting at UP under Miranda, when this work was completed. This was formerly labelled as “Portrait of a Lady”, but in 2020, the #NationalMuseumPH was able to correct the title after one of the relatives of the sitter submitted pertinent documents and photographs for verification. It is currently on exhibit at the National Museum of Fine Arts, Gallery IX: Early 20th Century Philippine Portrait Hall.

Miranda studied at the UP School of Fine Arts and worked as an assistant illustrator at the Bureau of Printing at the same time. After graduation, he landed a job at the Pacific Commercial Company as a designer for product labels and illustrator for advertisements. In 1918, he became an assistant instructor at the UP School of Fine Arts. He taught decorative painting, cartooning, and commercial design until 1916. Among his students were National Artist Carlos Francisco (1912-1969), National Artist Cesar Legaspi (1917-1994), and Carlos Valino, Jr. (1926-2008). He also worked at the Brown and Rossedel Advertising Co. in 1920 as an illustrator creating caricatures and watercolor works for magazines and newspapers. 

He also did several portraits. Some of these feature personalities such as fellow artists Nena Saguil (1914-1994), Fabian de la Rosa (1869-1937), and National Artist Abdulmari Imao (1936-2014) as well as former Senator Santanina Tillah Rasul (b. 1930). His daughter, Irinea, occasionally sat for him for his paintings and sketches. An accident in 1953 that resulted in a fracture of his arm bone made him unable to paint for some years. 

The acclaimed “Dean of Philippine Cartoonists,” Ireneo Miranda, died of a heart attack on March 21, 1964.

We are now open! To visit the National Museum of Fine Arts (NMFA), you may book a tour on the NMP through this website. Please note the guidelines for visiting. You may also view the 360 degrees virtual tour of select NMFA galleries on the link https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nmfa360/HTML5/NMFA360.html. See you at your National Museum!

#IreneoMiranda

#OnThisDay

#BeatCOVID19

Text by NMP-FAD

Photo by Bengy Toda

© National Museum of the Philippines (2021)

The month of December marks a lot of gatherings and festivities all over the globe, especially for Filipinos here and abroad. During these occasions, wines, liquor, and other alcohol beverages accompanying the food served are consumed for fun and merriment. These liquids that enliven the spirit of every person in the celebrations are contained in glass bottles.

In the continuing celebration of this holiday season, today’s #TrowelTuesday of the #NationalMuseumPH features intact glass bottles retrieved from archaeological sites in Manila.

In our present time, glass bottles are objects of common use –  as containers or storage for various food items, drinks, and other forms of liquids and substances. But in ancient times, glass bottles were highly sought as only a few of those who are privileged were able to possess them.

The glass bottle is considered an important development in the history of wine and alcoholic drinks. Although glass containers or vessels for wine and beer are probably 1,600 years old, much of their use began only in the late 17th century. As a container or vessel combined with a high-quality stoppers such as a cork, it allowed for the long-term aging and storage of wine and other alcoholic drinks. 

The material evidence of consumption of wine and other liquors in glass bottles here in the Philippines is largely associated to the Spanish and American occupation period in our country from the late 16th to 19th centuries.

The #NationalMuseumPH has a collection of hundreds of intact wine and liquor glass bottles and thousands of glass shards recovered from various archaeological sites all over the country. Many of these glass bottles were manufactured in Europe and the United States of America, and there are also locally-made glass bottles and shards originating from parts of Asia.

This holiday season, many are eager to be be with their families, friends and loved ones despite the challenges posed by the pandemic. Amidst the merriment, let’s continue to #KeepSafe by practicing minimum health protocols as we #BeatCOVID19.

Cheers and #MaligayangPasko po sa ating lahat!

#GlassBottles

#MuseumFromHome

#GetVaccinated

Text by Giovanni Bautista and poster by Timothy James Vitales | NMP Archaeology Division

© National Museum of the Philippines (2021)

This week on #MaritimeMonday features the crescent-shaped Chinese blue and white porcelain kendi from the Santa Cruz shipwreck. The trade vessel carried Asian stoneware and porcelain ceramics for trade along with metal, glass, stone, and wood objects, as well as organics and other ecofacts when it met its untimely demise about 10 nautical miles from the shores of Santa Cruz Municipality, Zambales Province. Analysis of the Chinese, Thai, Vietnamese, and Burmese/Myanmar ceramics places the sinking date of the Santa Cruz from the late 15^th century to the early 16th century CE (Common Era). For more information about the Santa Cruz shipwreck, please see https://tinyurl.com/SantaCruzShipwreck.

The Chinese blue and white porcelain numbered in the thousands, mostly in the form of dishes, bowls, teacups, and jars. There are unusual forms in limited numbers such as the crescent-shaped blue and white kendi. They are made of thick porcelain, have a central cylindrical neck and stand on four small feet. The long neck ends in a bulbous mouth and a small spout protrudes from one side. A small conical top covers the upturned ends. They are classified as pouring vessels where you place the liquid in the central neck and pour it in the side spout. Some pieces have motifs ranging from floral scrolls, panels, and waves. Two pieces have plain blue color under the glaze. 

The forms have been influenced by Islamic metalwork, which began its circulation as early as the 12th century CE. Some of the motifs (panels and floral scrolls) have been termed Islamicate, first coined by Marshall Hodgson in 1974 to refer to “all creative and scientific work which relate not to the religion itself but to the social, cultural complex historically associated with Islam and the Muslims”. The Islamicate ceramics in some Philippine shipwrecks have been studied including the crescent-shaped kendi. The form and motif strongly suggests a market for Islamic communities, possibly in Mindanao, Indonesia, and the Indian Ocean states.

Your #NationalMuseumPH is now open to the public with minimum health protocols. Please visit our newly upgraded ‘300 Years of Maritime Trade in the Philippines’ exhibition on the second floor of the National Museum of Anthropology Building. You may also opt to watch the virtual tour of the said gallery here: https://tinyurl.com/300YearsOfMaritimeTradePH. Please monitor this website and social media pages such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram for further information and booking arrangements.

#CrescentShapedKendi

#ChinesePorcelain

#SantaCruzShipwreck

#MuseumFromHome

#StaySafeStayHome

#BeatCOVID19

National Museum Turns Over Sta. Cruz Church in Maribojoc, Bohol

After years of restoration and reconstruction, the Sta. Cruz Parish Church in Maribojoc, Bohol was officially handed over to its local community.

The Church Complex of the Parish of the Holy Cross and Diocesan Shrine of San Vicente Ferrer, more known as Sta. Cruz Parish Church or Maribojoc Church is one of the most hard-hit heritage structures in the province of Bohol in October 2013.  Days after the catastrophic 7.3 magnitude earthquake, the National Museum of the Philippines (NMP), together with the other concerned government agencies, organizations, and stakeholders conjointly worked on planning and putting up the “National Heritage Reconstruction Program for the Visayas Region”, which aimed for the restoration and conservation of the affected century-old religious and architectural structures in the region, including the Maribojoc Church.

The Maribojoc Church Complex which consists of a stone masonry church and convent, side plazas and a stone stairway at the back of the church, is a declared National Cultural Treasure due to its outstanding historical, cultural, and artistic value making it highly significant cultural property of the nation.  Its declaration justifies the government spending and prioritizing for its restoration and reconstruction.

Eight (8) years since the 2013 earthquake, the concluding event finally took place.  A mass and the turnover ceremony were held at the Maribojoc Church on Sunday, December 12, 2021.  Gracing the event with their presence were His Excellency Jorge Moragas Sanches, the Ambassador of Spain to the Philippines, and Archbishop Charles John Brown, the Apostolic Nuncio to the Philippines.  President Rodrigo Duterte on the other hand was represented by his adviser on Streamlining of Government Processes, and a former Mayor of the town of Maribojoc, Secretary Leoncio Evasco.  Also in attendance were Bohol Governor Arthur Yap and Congressman Edgar M. Chatto, who both delivered their messages during the program.

The liturgical dedication of the Maribojoc Church and Diocesan Shrine and Pontifical Mass was officiated by Most Reverend Bishop Alberto S. Uy, with Bishop Brown as Homilist.  After the mass, NMP Director-General Jeremy Barns led the ceremonial turnover though his speech.   In his speech, DG Barns described the ceremony as a four-fold event – the returning of the reconstructed church to its people, the nearing completion of the Bohol Heritage Task Force and the Bohol-Cebu Heritage Recovery Program in partnership with the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP), the marking both the turnover and the culmination of the recovery and restoration program in the presence of the Apostolic Nuncio and the Ambassador of Spain, and most importantly is the message of hope, especially this Christmas season, as embodied by the turnover ceremony.  He also highlighted some milestones of the reconstruction project and ended his message by expressing his gratitude to all the stakeholders that have been part of the eight-year project.

As a response, a message of acceptance and gratitude was given by Bishop Uy, representing the legal owner of the church, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tagbilaran.  It was then concluded with the signing of the Certificates of Turn-over and Acceptance and the Unveiling of NHCP Marker.

The night before the celebrated event, a welcome dinner was hosted by the NMP for HE Ambassador Sanches and Archbishop Brown that was held at the NMP Bohol Area Museum in Tagbilaran.  A Plague of Appreciation was awarded to the NMP by Bishop Alberto Uy during the dinner.

The NMP expresses its gratitude and honor for the trust given by the people in accomplishing yet another significant realization of carrying out its mission and mandate.  Rest assured that it will continue serving the public and its community in pursuit of a Filipino nation of citizens with pride for their identity, committed to the protection and dissemination of its heritage.

For this week’s #ArtStrollSunday series, we are featuring National Artist (NA) Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto’s “Dalagang Bukid [The Country Lass], a 1928 oil painting from the National Fine Arts Collection (NFAC). 

Fernando Amorsolo was born in Paco Manila on May 30, 1892.  He grew up in Daet, Camarines Norte but then moved to Manila and was taken in by his older cousin, Fabian de la Rosa. In 1914, he graduated with honors and was among the first graduates of the University of the Philippines School of Fine Arts (UPSFA).

NA Amorsolo pursued further studies in art. In 1916, he went to Madrid, Spain, and studied at the Academia de San Fernando through a scholarship from businessman and philanthropist Enrique Zobel de Ayala. During his training abroad, he acquired the techniques he needed to improve his art further. His style included rapid, fragmented brushwork in impasto, portraying genre scenes, and landscapes of the countryside that he is known for.

The artist produced over 10,000 sketches and studies during his lifetime, which left a lasting legacy and made our artistic heritage richer. On April 24, 1972, he died at the age of 79. Four days after his death, he was posthumously conferred as the country’s first National Artist Award for Painting.

The Dalagang Bukid was Amorsolo’s muse of ideal Filipina beauty.  She is illustrated as a smiling and cheerful lady wearing the baro’t saya, with her hair firmly pulled back by a flowing bandana to protect her from the glare of the afternoon sun. He described his concept of an ideal Philippine beauty as “one with a rounded face, not of oval type…The eyes should be exceptionally lively…the nose should be of blunt form but firm and strongly marked…should have a sensuous mouth, not the type of the pouting mouth of the early days…should not necessarily be white complexioned, nor of the dark brown color…but of the clear skin or flesh colored type which we often witness when we meet a blushing girl”. His use of brilliant colors effectively convey the image that lives in the Philippines around 1937 were largely reliant on agriculture, as evidenced by his other works depicting farmers in the provinces.

“Dalagang Bukid” was given as a Gift to the Nation through the National Museum of the Philippines by Oliver Patrick and Jaimie Eugenio in 2016.

By booking online through this website, you may view this painting by NA Amorsolo inside the Early 20^th Century Philippine Portrait Hall, Gallery IX of the National Museum of Fine Arts (NMFA). Click this link for the 360 Virtual Tour of this gallery and eight other galleries at the NMFA: https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nmfa360/HTML5/NMFA360.html

#ArtStrollSunday

#FernandoAmorsolo

#DalagangBukid

#MuseumFromHome

#BeatCOVID19

Text and photo by NMP-FAD

© National Museum of the Philippines (2021)

Manlilikha ng Bayan Salinta Monon 
Tagabawa Bagobo Textile Weaver
Bansalan, Davao del Sur
101st Birth Anniversary
(b. December 12, 1920 – d. June 4, 2009)

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  December 12 – MB Salinta Monon Birth Anniversary

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  [Official] Salinta Monon 100 Stamp Design

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  [Official] First Day Cover Design